Administració d'arxius i directoris
Administració d'arxius i directorisls: llista els fitxers del directori especificat, segons el paràmetre indicat.
bash-2.05b$ ls hom10mod.aln homolegas10-1.aln homolegs10bis.fa~ homolegs3.aln hompdb10swiss.aln seq108.out2 seq1.bls2 seq38.out seq5.fa hom10mod.dnd homolegs10-1.dnd homolegs10.dnd homolegs3.dnd hompdb10swiss.dnd seq10.bls1 seq1.fa seq38.out2 seq6.fa hom10mod.fa homolegs10-1.fa homolegs10dnd2 homolegs3.fa hompdb.aln seq10.bls2 seq1.out seq3.bls1 seq7.fa hom10mod.fa~ homolegs10.aln homolegs10.fa homolegs3.fa~ hompdb.fa seq10.fa seq1.out2 seq3.bls2 seq8.fa hom3mod.aln homolegs10.aln2 homolegs10.fa~ hompdb10.aln seq108.bls1 seq10.out seq1.outbis seq3.fa seq9.bls1 hom3mod.dnd homolegs10bis.aln homolegs10tris.aln hompdb10.dnd seq108.bls2 seq10.out2 seq2.fa seq3.out seq9.fa hom3mod.fa homolegs10bis.dnd homolegs10tris.dnd hompdb10.fa seq108.out seq1.bls1 seq38.bls1 seq3.out2 seq9.out hom3mod.fa~ homolegs10bis.fa homolegs10tris.fa hompdb10.fa~ #seq108.out2# seq1.bls1bis seq38bls2 seq4.fabash-2.05b$ ls -l total 7824 -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 207279 mai 14 15:29 1aqn.ent -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 288 mai 14 15:29 1aqn.fa -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 107166 mai 14 15:29 1aqn.pdb -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 286 mai 14 15:29 1bh6A.fa -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 107221 mai 14 15:29 1bh6A.pdb -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 208089 mai 14 15:29 1bh6.ent -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 286 mai 14 15:29 1sbh.fa -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 106784 mai 14 15:30 1sbh.pdb -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 287 mai 14 15:30 1scja.fa -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 107444 mai 14 15:30 1scja.pdb -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 80 mai 14 15:30 1scjB.fa -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 30884 mai 14 15:30 1scjB.pdb -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 289 mai 16 14:35 1tece.pdb -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 3141 mai 16 14:58 alinia.ali -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 1263 mai 16 14:55 alinia.fa -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 25 mai 14 15:30 clean.log -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 11301 mai 16 14:38 homol52.1 -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 12084 mai 16 14:38 homol52.2 -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 1070 mai 16 14:48 homol52.22.aln -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 1410 mai 16 14:47 homol52.22.aln~ -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 2430 mai 16 14:40 homol52.2.aln -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 474094 mai 16 14:43 homol52.2.pdb -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 70 mai 16 14:38 homol52.domain -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 93 mai 16 14:37 homol52.domain~ -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 102958 mai 16 14:49 homol52.hmm -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 35 mai 16 14:38 homol52.matbash-2.05b$ ls *pdb 1aqn.pdb 1bh6A.pdb 1sbh.pdb 1scja.pdb 1scjB.pdb 1tece.pdb homol52.2.pdbmv: renomena els fitxers
bash-2.05b$ ls *pdb 1aqn.pdb 1bh6A.pdb 1sbh.pdb 1scja.pdb 1scjB.pdb 1tece.pdb homol52.2.pdb bash-2.05b$ mv homol52.2.pdb modelhmm1.pdb bash-2.05b$ ls *pdb 1aqn.pdb 1bh6A.pdb 1sbh.pdb 1scja.pdb 1scjB.pdb 1tece.pdb modelhmm1.pdbmkdir: crea directoris.
bash-2.05b$ ls -l total 12 drwxr-xr-x 3 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 2 14:14 5.3 -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 174 abr 30 14:20 homolegs.dnd -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 2 mai 6 15:22 homolegs.domain bash-2.05b$ mkdir exemple bash-2.05b$ ls -l total 16 drwxr-xr-x 3 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 2 14:14 5.3 drwxr-xr-x 2 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 10 2003 exemple -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 174 abr 30 14:20 homolegs.dnd -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 2 mai 6 15:22 homolegs.domainrm: borra arxius i/o directoris
bash-2.05b$ rm homolegs.dnd bash-2.05b$ ls -l total 12 drwxr-xr-x 3 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 2 14:14 5.3 drwxr-xr-x 2 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 10 2003 exemple -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 2 mai 6 15:22 homolegs.domaincp: copia arxius i/o directoris entre dues localitzacions.
bash-2.05b$ ls bash-2.05b$ cp /disc9/BE/e16942/practica_5/homolegs.domain . bash-2.05b$ ls homolegs.domainpwd: informa de la localització actual (directori on et trobes).
bash-2.05b$ pwd /disc9/BE/e16942/practica_5cd: canvia al directori especificat.
bash-2.05b$ pwd /disc9/BE/e16942/practica_5 bash-2.05b$ cd 5.3 bash-2.05b$ pwd /disc9/BE/e16942/practica_5/5.3cd ..: canvia al directori anterior.
bash-2.05b$ cd .. bash-2.05b$ pwd /disc9/BE/e16942/practica_5>>: concatena fitxers.
bash-2.05b$ cat hba_leppa.sw >sp|P02020|HBA_LEPPA Hemoglobin alpha chain - Lepidosiren paradoxus (South American lungfish). MRFSQDDEVLIKEAWGLLHQIPNAGGEALARMFSCYPGTKSYFPHFGHDFSANNEKVKHH GKKVVDAIGQGVQHLHDLSSCLHTLSEKHARELMVDPCNFQYLIEAIMTTIAAHYGEKFT PEINCAAEKCLGQIVHVLISLYR bash-2.05b$ cat hbaz_caphi.sw >> hba_leppa.sw bash-2.05b$ cat hba_leppa.sw >sp|P02020|HBA_LEPPA Hemoglobin alpha chain - Lepidosiren paradoxus (South American lungfish). MRFSQDDEVLIKEAWGLLHQIPNAGGEALARMFSCYPGTKSYFPHFGHDFSANNEKVKHH GKKVVDAIGQGVQHLHDLSSCLHTLSEKHARELMVDPCNFQYLIEAIMTTIAAHYGEKFT PEINCAAEKCLGQIVHVLISLYR >sp|P13786|HBAZ_CAPHI Hemoglobin zeta chain - Capra hircus (Goat). SLTRTERTIILSLWSKISTQADVIGTETLERLFSCYPQAKTYFPHFDLHSGSAQLRAHGS KVVAAVGDAVKSIDNVTSALSKLSELHAYVLRVDPVNFKFLSHCLLVTLASHFPADFTAD AHAAWDKFLSIVSGVLTEKYRchmod: modifica els permisos de fitxers i/o directoris.
bash-2.05b$ ls -l total 12 drwxr-xr-x 3 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 2 14:14 5.3 drwxr-xr-x 2 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 10 2003 exemple -rw------- 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 2 mai 6 15:22 homolegs.domain bash-2.05b$ chmod 777 homolegs.domain bash-2.05b$ ls -l total 12 drwxr-xr-x 3 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 2 14:14 5.3 drwxr-xr-x 2 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 4096 jun 10 2003 exemple -rwxrwxrwx 1 e18344.bio.acexs.au.upf 600 2 mai 6 15:22 homolegs.domain
man: mostra l'ajuda de qualsevol comanda.
bash-2.05b$ man ls LS(1) LS(1) NOMBRE ls, dir, vdir - listan los contenidos de directorios SINOPSIS ls [opciones] [fichero...] dir [fichero...] vdir [fichero...] Opciones de POSIX: [-CFRacdilqrtu1] Opciones de GNU (en la forma más corta): [-1abcdfghiklmnopqrstuvwxABCD- FGHLNQRSUX] [-w cols] [-T cols] [-I patrón] [--full-time] [--show-con- trol-chars] [--block-size=tamaño] [--format={long,verbose,com- mas,across,vertical,single-column}] [--sort={none,time,size,extension}] [--time={atime,access,use,ctime,status}] [--color[={none,auto,always}]] [--help] [--version] [--] DESCRIPCIÓN El programa ls lista primero sus argumentos no directorios fichero, y luego para cada argumento directorio todos los ficheros susceptibles de listarse contenidos en dichoinfo: mostra més ajuda de qualsevol comanda.
bash-2.05b$ info ls File: coreutils.info, Node: ls invocation, Next: dir invocation, Up: Directory listing `ls': List directory contents ============================= The `ls' program lists information about files (of any type, including directories). Options and file arguments can be intermixed arbitrarily, as usual. For non-option command-line arguments that are directories, by default `ls' lists the contents of directories, not recursively, and omitting files with names
cat: pagina corrents de dades.
bash-2.05b$ cat hba_leppa.sw >sp|P02020|HBA_LEPPA Hemoglobin alpha chain - Lepidosiren paradoxus (South American lungfish). MRFSQDDEVLIKEAWGLLHQIPNAGGEALARMFSCYPGTKSYFPHFGHDFSANNEKVKHH GKKVVDAIGQGVQHLHDLSSCLHTLSEKHARELMVDPCNFQYLIEAIMTTIAAHYGEKFT PEINCAAEKCLGQIVHVLISLYRless: mostra corrents de dades.
bash-2.05b$ less hba_leppa.sw >sp|P02020|HBA_LEPPA Hemoglobin alpha chain - Lepidosiren paradoxus (South American lungfish). MRFSQDDEVLIKEAWGLLHQIPNAGGEALARMFSCYPGTKSYFPHFGHDFSANNEKVKHH GKKVVDAIGQGVQHLHDLSSCLHTLSEKHARELMVDPCNFQYLIEAIMTTIAAHYGEKFT PEINCAAEKCLGQIVHVLISLYR hba_leppa.sw lines 1-8/8 (END)more: pagina streams.
bash-2.05b$ more hba_leppa.sw >sp|P02020|HBA_LEPPA Hemoglobin alpha chain - Lepidosiren paradoxus (South American lungfish). MRFSQDDEVLIKEAWGLLHQIPNAGGEALARMFSCYPGTKSYFPHFGHDFSANNEKVKHH GKKVVDAIGQGVQHLHDLSSCLHTLSEKHARELMVDPCNFQYLIEAIMTTIAAHYGEKFT PEINCAAEKCLGQIVHVLISLYR
emacs
bash-2.05b$ emacs hba_leppa.sw &kwrite
bash-2.05b$ kwrite hba_leppa.sw &vi
bash-2.05b$ vi hba_leppa.sw &joe
bash-2.05b$ joe hba_leppa.sw &
gzip compressor
bash-2.05b$ ls 1bt4.fa hba_leppa.sw hbb_tarsy.bl hbb_tarsy.out1 hbb_tarsy.sw llistat.fa serc_myctu.fa blast_search_1.out hbaz_caphi.sw hbb_tarsy.bl2 hbb_tarsy.out2 llistat.aln probl1.out blast_search1.out hbaz_human.sw hbb_tarsy.out hbb_tarsy.out3 llistat.dnd serc_myctu.bla bash-2.05b$ gzip llistat.fa bash-2.05b$ ls 1bt4.fa hba_leppa.sw hbb_tarsy.bl hbb_tarsy.out1 hbb_tarsy.sw llistat.fa.gz serc_myctu.fa blast_search_1.out hbaz_caphi.sw hbb_tarsy.bl2 hbb_tarsy.out2 llistat.aln probl1.out blast_search1.out hbaz_human.sw hbb_tarsy.out hbb_tarsy.out3 llistat.dnd serc_myctu.blagunzip descompressor
bash-2.05b$ gunzip llistat.fa.gz bash-2.05b$ ls 1bt4.fa hba_leppa.sw hbb_tarsy.bl hbb_tarsy.out1 hbb_tarsy.sw llistat.fa serc_myctu.fa blast_search_1.out hbaz_caphi.sw hbb_tarsy.bl2 hbb_tarsy.out2 llistat.aln probl1.out blast_search1.out hbaz_human.sw hbb_tarsy.out hbb_tarsy.out3 llistat.dnd serc_myctu.blazip compressor
bash-2.05b$ zip llistat.zip llistat.fa adding: llistat.fa (deflated 39%) bash-2.05b$ ls 1bt4.fa hba_leppa.sw hbb_tarsy.bl hbb_tarsy.out1 hbb_tarsy.sw llistat.fa probl1.out blast_search_1.out hbaz_caphi.sw hbb_tarsy.bl2 hbb_tarsy.out2 llistat.aln llistat.tar serc_myctu.bla blast_search1.out hbaz_human.sw hbb_tarsy.out hbb_tarsy.out3 llistat.dnd llistat.zip serc_myctu.fatar: empaquetador (cvf) / desempaquetador(xvf)
bash-2.05b$ tar cvf llistat.tar llistat.fa llistat.fa bash-2.05b$ ls 1bt4.fa hba_leppa.sw hbb_tarsy.bl hbb_tarsy.out1 hbb_tarsy.sw llistat.fa serc_myctu.bla blast_search_1.out hbaz_caphi.sw hbb_tarsy.bl2 hbb_tarsy.out2 llistat.aln llistat.tar serc_myctu.fa blast_search1.out hbaz_human.sw hbb_tarsy.out hbb_tarsy.out3 llistat.dnd probl1.outbash-2.05b$ tar xvf llistat.tar llistat.fa
Gestió de processos y permisos
ps: mostra els processos que s'estan executant al moment.
bash-2.05b$ ps PID TTY TIME CMD 2245 pts/5 00:00:00 bash 2250 pts/5 00:00:00 pskill: mata processos.
bash-2.05b$ killtop: mostra l'ocupació de la màquina pels processos.
bash-2.05b$ top 1:21pm up 1:06, 7 users, load average: 0,00, 0,12, 0,23 71 processes: 68 sleeping, 3 running, 0 zombie, 0 stopped CPU states: 1,3% user, 1,5% system, 0,0% nice, 97,0% idle Mem: 256260K av, 225808K used, 30452K free, 0K shrd, 4804K buff Swap: 524280K av, 0K used, 524280K free 129476K cached PID USER PRI NI SIZE RSS SHARE STAT %CPU %MEM TIME COMMAND 1090 root 19 -10 98832 16M 3640 S < 0,9 6,4 1:18 X 1601 e16942.b 13 0 11984 11M 10716 S 0,7 4,6 0:02 kdeinit 1621 e16942.b 11 0 14516 14M 12052 R 0,3 5,6 0:12 kdeinit 2248 e16942.b 11 0 1032 1032 816 R 0,1 0,4 0:00 top 1 root 8 0 484 484 420 S 0,0 0,1 0:04 init 2 root 9 0 0 0 0 SW 0,0 0,0 0:00 keventd 3 root 19 19 0 0 0 SWN 0,0 0,0 0:00 ksoftirqd_CPU0 4 root 9 0 0 0 0 SW 0,0 0,0 0:00 kswapd 5 root 9 0 0 0 0 SW 0,0 0,0 0:00 bdflush 6 root 9 0 0 0 0 SW 0,0 0,0 0:00 kupdated 7 root -1 -20 0 0 0 SW< 0,0 0,0 0:00 mdrecoveryd 118 root 9 0 0 0 0 SW 0,0 0,0 0:00 khubd 700 root 9 0 456 456 400 S 0,0 0,1 0:00 dhcpcd 733 root 9 0 516 516 448 S 0,0 0,2 0:00 dhcpcd 787 rpc 9 0 532 532 448 S 0,0 0,2 0:00 portmap 801 root 9 0 584 584 476 S 0,0 0,2 0:00 syslogd 809 root 9 0 1132 1132 416 S 0,0 0,4 0:00 klogd 868 root 9 0 496 496 432 S 0,0 0,1 0:00 gpm 968 xfs 9 0 5720 5720 1028 S 0,0 2,2 0:00 xfs 1008 root 9 0 0 0 0 SW 0,0 0,0 0:00 rpciod
alias: dóna sobrenoms a les comandes.
bash-2.05b$ alias rasmol="/disc9/bin/rasmol" bash-2.05b$ rasmol RasMol Molecular Renderer Roger Sayle, August 1995 Copyright (C) Roger Sayle 1992-1999 Version 2.7.1.1 January 2001 Copyright (C) Herbert J. Bernstein 1998-2001 *** See "help notice" for further notices *** [32-bit version] Unable to find RasMol help file! RasMol>
tcsh
bash-2.05b$ tcsh [e16942.bio.acexs.au.upf@au491 practica_2]$source: font des de la que executa els programes
[e16942.bio.acexs.au.upf@au491 practica_2]$ source /disc9/cshrc [e16942.bio.acexs.au.upf@au491 practica_2]$
